What neurotransmitter is linked to learning and memory?

Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity, which is essential for learning and memory. This neurotransmitter facilitates communication between neurons and is involved in the processes that strengthen synaptic connections, a key aspect of how memories are formed and retained. The mechanisms through which glutamate operates include its action on various receptors, such as NMDA and AMPA receptors, which are pivotal for long-term potentiation—a process that enhances the signaling strength between neurons following repeated stimulation. Consequently, glutamate significantly contributes to the brain's ability to encode and retrieve information, making it integral to learning and memory functions.